目前電纜橋架產(chǎn)品發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題

    首先，目前的原材料漲價(jià)給橋架行業(yè)帶來(lái)了巨大的沖擊，鋼材、鋁型材、玻璃鋼、鋅錠、粉末涂料等原材料的價(jià)格都大幅上揚(yáng)且有較大波動(dòng)，而橋架產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格上漲幅度遠(yuǎn)小于原材料價(jià)格上漲的幅度。橋架產(chǎn)品是一種附加值比較低的產(chǎn)品，僅僅是對(duì)原材料進(jìn)行一些簡(jiǎn)單的機(jī)械加工和表面處理，橋架產(chǎn)品的成本中有相當(dāng)大的一部分是原材料的成本，幾千元甚至近萬(wàn)元一噸的單價(jià)，加工費(fèi)用僅僅只有幾百元。生產(chǎn)電纜橋架產(chǎn)品消耗大量的鋼鐵、鋅等自然資源的同時(shí)并沒(méi)有創(chuàng)造更多的附加價(jià)值。
    其次，因?yàn)殡娎|橋架產(chǎn)業(yè)的入門(mén)門(mén)檻較低，電纜橋架的生產(chǎn)工藝簡(jiǎn)單，僅僅需要一臺(tái)剪板機(jī)、一臺(tái)折邊機(jī)、一臺(tái)沖床和幾個(gè)工人，就可以生產(chǎn)電纜橋架，導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)電纜橋架的企業(yè)眾多。由于每個(gè)企業(yè)實(shí)力的差別，生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量水平也不盡相同。然而，由于每個(gè)廠生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品大同小異，企業(yè)為了獲得市場(chǎng)份額大多是采取價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的方法，價(jià)格戰(zhàn)讓企業(yè)原本就很少的利潤(rùn)變得更加微薄，于是目前就出現(xiàn)了一些不正常的現(xiàn)象：少數(shù)企業(yè)為了獲得較高的利潤(rùn)，就通過(guò)降低產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的方法來(lái)降低成本。以生產(chǎn)鋼制電纜橋架為例：根據(jù)承載能力設(shè)計(jì)要求，需2.0mm 板材生產(chǎn)的，現(xiàn)改用 1.5 mm 板材生產(chǎn)，大跨距橋架幫板需要用 2.5 mm 雙梯幫生產(chǎn)的，現(xiàn)改用 3.0 mm 單梯幫生產(chǎn)；根據(jù)使用環(huán)境要求，需要進(jìn)行熱浸鍍鋅表面處理的，現(xiàn)改為價(jià)格較低的電鍍鋅或噴涂表面處理，而需要進(jìn)行電鍍鋅表面處的，JB/T 10216-2000《電控配電用電纜橋架》標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定橋架構(gòu)件表面電鍍鋅層厚度應(yīng)大于或等于12μm，這些企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品僅僅做到 3 ～ 4μm。以上行為已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響了橋架行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展，這些都是低價(jià)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的后果，而眾多的企業(yè)又不能夠擺脫打價(jià)格戰(zhàn)的命運(yùn)。

First of all, the current raw material price increases for bridge industry has brought the huge impact, steel, aluminum, glass steel, zinc ingots, powder coatings, etc. Are the price of raw materials rose sharply and there are large fluctuations, and bridge products price rises is far less than the margin of the rising prices of raw materials. Bridge products is a kind of low value-added products, just carry on some simple mechanical processing for raw materials and surface treatment, bridge has a considerable part of the cost of the product is the cost of raw materials, several thousand yuan, even nearly ten thousand yuan a ton of monovalent, processing costs only a few hundred yuan. The production of cable bridge products consumes a lot of natural resources such as steel and zinc without creating additional value.

Second, because of cable tray industry entry threshold is low, cable tray production process is simple, just need a shearing machine, a folding machine, a punch and a few workers, can the production of cable tray, lead to the production of cable tray enterprises. Due to the difference in the strength of each enterprise, the quality level of the products produced is not the same. However, because each factory production products are the same, the enterprise in order to gain market share is mostly adopt the method of price competition, price competition for business already little profit become more thin, so some abnormal phenomena arise at present: a handful of firms in order to obtain higher profits, is to reduce costs by using the method of reduce product quality. In production of steel cable bridge, for example: according to the carrying capacity of the design requirements, should be 2.0 mm plate production, now use 1.5 mm plate production, large span bridge help board need to use 2.5 mm double elevator production, now switch to 3.0 mm single ladder to help production; According to use environmental requirements, the need for hot dip galvanized surface treatment, now changed to lower prices or galvanized coating surface treatment, and the need for electricity galvanized surface, JB/T 10216-2000 "electric distribution with cable tray" standard regulation electric galvanized layer thickness on the surface of the bridge structure should be greater than or equal to 12 microns, the product of the enterprise only do 3 ~ 4 microns. The above behavior has seriously affected the healthy development of the bridge industry, these are the consequences of low price competition, and many enterprises can not get rid of the fate of price war.